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Acute kidney injury
A condition in which the kidneys suddenly can't filter waste from the blood.
Acute renal failure develops rapidly over a few hours or days. It may be fatal. It's most common in those who are critically ill and already hospitalised.
Symptoms include decreased urinary output, swelling due to fluid retention, nausea, fatigue and shortness of breath. Sometimes symptoms may be subtle or may not appear at all.
In addition to addressing the underlying cause, treatments include fluids, medication and dialysis.