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Acute kidney injury
A condition in which the kidneys suddenly can't filter waste from the blood.
Acute renal failure develops rapidly over a few hours or days. It may be fatal. It's most common in those who are critically ill and already hospitalised.
Symptoms include decreased urinary output, swelling due to fluid retention, nausea, fatigue and shortness of breath. Sometimes symptoms may be subtle or may not appear at all.
In addition to addressing the underlying cause, treatments include fluids, medication and dialysis.
Acute cholecystitis

Cholecystitis (ko-luh-sis-TIE-tis) is inflammation of the gallbladder. Your gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of your abdomen, beneath your liver. The gallbladder holds a digestive fluid that's released into your small intestine (bile).

Cholecystitis is often caused by stones that block the tube leading from the gallbladder to the small intestine.
Severe pain in the upper-right belly and bloating are symptoms.
Treatment includes a hospital stay and surgical removal.
Actinomycosis
Actinomycosis is a rare, infectious disease in which bacteria spread from one part of the body to another through body tissues. Over time, it can result in linked abscesses, pain, and inflammation. It can affect the skin or deeper areas within the body and sometimes the blood.
Acromegaly
Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that develops when your pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. When this happens, your bones increase in size, including those of your hands, feet and face. Acromegaly usually affects middle-aged adults
Acid and chemical burns

chemical burn occurs when your skin or eyes come into contact with an irritant, such as an acid or a base. Chemical burns are also known as caustic burns. They may cause a reaction on your skin or within your body. These burns can affect your internal organs if chemicals are swallowed. 

Very mild chemical burns result in irritant contact dermatitis. Chemical burn from a strong acid or alkali is also known as a caustic burn.

Achalasia
A rare disorder making it difficult for food and liquid to pass into the stomach.
Achalasia results from damage to nerves in the food tube (oesophagus), preventing the oesophagus from squeezing food into the stomach. It may be caused by an abnormal immune system response.
Symptoms include a backflow of food in the throat (regurgitation), chest pain and weight loss.
Achalasia can usually be managed with minimally invasive (endoscopic) therapy or surgery.
Acanthosis nigricans
A skin condition characterised by dark, velvety patches in body folds and creases.
Acanthosis nigricans typically occurs in people who are obese or have diabetes. More rarely, it can be a warning sign of a cancerous tumour in an internal organ, such as the stomach or liver.
Dark, velvety patches of skin often appear in the armpits, groin and neck.
Treating underlying conditions, such as obesity or a tumour, may restore the skin.