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Dystonia
Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive or twisting movements and abnormal postures. These muscle contractions can affect one or more parts of the body, leading to a range of symptoms and functional impairments.
Dyspraxia in children
Dyspraxia, also known as Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), is a neurological condition that affects movement and coordination in children. It is characterized by difficulties with planning and executing motor tasks, resulting in challenges with activities such as writing, tying shoelaces, or playing sports. Dyspraxia is not due to muscle weakness or intellectual impairment but rather a disruption in the brain's ability to process and coordinate movements effectively.
Dyspraxia (developmental co-ordination disorder) in adults
Dyspraxia, also known as Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), is a neurological condition that affects movement and coordination in adults. While often thought of as a childhood disorder, dyspraxia can persist into adulthood, presenting unique challenges for individuals in daily life, work, and social settings. Adults with dyspraxia may experience difficulties with activities such as driving, organizing tasks, or participating in sports or recreational activities.
Dysphagia (swallowing problems)
Dysphagia is a medical condition characterized by difficulty swallowing or the sensation of food getting stuck in the throat or chest. It can occur at any stage of the swallowing process, from moving food from the mouth to the throat (oral dysphagia) to passing food through the esophagus to the stomach (esophageal dysphagia). Dysphagia can affect people of all ages and may result from various underlying causes, ranging from temporary conditions to chronic diseases.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a common learning disorder that affects reading, spelling, and language processing skills. It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, as well as poor spelling and decoding abilities. Dyslexia is not related to intelligence, but rather reflects differences in how the brain processes and interprets written language. With appropriate support and interventions, individuals with dyslexia can learn to compensate for their difficulties and achieve academic success.
Dysarthria (difficulty speaking)
Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder characterized by difficulty in articulating speech sounds due to weakness, paralysis, or lack of coordination of the muscles involved in speech production. It can affect the clarity, volume, pitch, and rhythm of speech, making it challenging for individuals to communicate effectively. Dysarthria may result from various underlying conditions affecting the nervous system, muscles, or respiratory system, and it can range from mild to severe in its presentation.
Dwarfism
Dwarfism is a medical condition characterized by short stature, typically defined as an adult height of 4 feet 10 inches (147 centimeters) or less. It is often the result of genetic or medical factors that affect bone growth and development, leading to shorter-than-average limbs and trunk. Dwarfism can vary widely in its presentation, and individuals with dwarfism may have different physical characteristics, health concerns, and functional abilities.
DVT (deep vein thrombosis)
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition characterized by the formation of blood clots (thrombi) in the deep veins of the body, typically in the legs. These blood clots can partially or completely obstruct blood flow, leading to symptoms such as pain, swelling, and redness in the affected limb. DVT can be a serious condition, as blood clots have the potential to break loose and travel to the lungs, causing a life-threatening condition known as pulmonary embolism.